Fyzikálno-chemické parametre v morskom akváriu

23.07.2012 09:25

More poskytuje relatívne stabilné prostredie pre morské živočíchy. V morskom akváriu toto prostredie vytvárame my. Čím stabilnejšie prostredie vytvoríme našim chovancom tým budú zdravší a vitálnejší. Prílišné kolísanie chemicko-fyzikálnych parametrov neprospieva rybám ani bezstavovcom. Parametre sa snažíme udržať v dole uvedených hodnotách.

Frekvencia kontroly: D= denne, T= týždenne, M= mesačne, P= podľa potreby

KONTROLA                                        PARAMETER                                                                         ROZSAH

D                                                            Teplota                                                                               Tropické moria

                                                                                                                                             24°- 28°C, zníženie na 22°C sa                                                                                                                                                                                 dá tolerovať na krátku dobu,

                                                                                                                                             teplota nad 30°C je škodlivá.

                                                                                                                                             Stredozemné more

                                                                                                                                             18°C, pohyb medzi 15° a 22°C                                                                                                                                                                                 je v poriadku

                                                                                                                                             Severné more

                                                                                                                                             10°-15°C, max. 20°C pre                                                                                                                                                                                            druhy žijúce na plytčine

D                                                            Osvetlenie                                                                12 hod/denne, 8-10                                                                                                                                                                                                    hod/denne HQI žiarivky.                                                                                                                                               Modré bodové svetlo môže                                                                                                                                               svietiť 24 hod.

T                                                            Salinita (slanosť)

                                                                 Konduktivita                                                           45 - 50 mS/cm alebo 45 000-50 000 µS.

                                                                 Špecifická hustota                                                  1,022 - 1,027 (pri teplote 24°C)

                                                                                                                                               Stredná hodnota 1,024 je najlepšia.

T                                                            pH                                                                             8,2 - 8,4 z reguláciou CO₂ môže                                                                                                                                                klesnúť na 8,0. 

T                                                            Uhličitanová tvrdosť                                                    8° - 15° dKH

                                                               Alkalita                                                                    140-270 mg/l CaCO₃

                                                               Väzbová kapacita kyselín                                          3-5mmol/l

P                                                            Kyslík (O₂)                                                                100% nasýtenie = 6-8 mg/l

P                                                            Ozón (O₃)                                                                 5 – 10 mg/100 l vody/hod. Toto                                                                                                                                               je maximálna hodnota.                                                                                                                                               Nepretržitej prevádzke by sme sa mali vyhnúť.

D                                                            Redoxný potenciál                                                    +250 do + 350 mV, max. +450                                                                   (ORP)                                                                  mV, keď používame ozón.V nitrátovom filtri

                                                                                                                                            -100 do -300 mV.

P                                                            Amoniak (NH₄/NH₃)                                                  max. koncentrácia 0,05 mg/l

T                                                            Dusitany (NO₂)                                                         0,05 mg/l, koncetrácia nad 0,1                                                                                                                                                mg/l je kritická.               

T                                                            Dusičňany (NO₃)                                                      max. 50 mg/l pre bezstavovce,                                                                                                                                             pod 30 mg/l je lepšie. Max. 200                                                                                                                                             mg/l pre akvárium z rybami,                                                                                                                                             pod 50 mg/l je lepšie.   

P                                                            Kremík (Si)                                                             Max. 0,2 do 0,5 mg/l. Vyššie                                                                                                                                             množstvo zapríčiní nadmerný                                                                                                                                             rast rozsievok. 

P                                                            Fosforečňany (PO₄³¯)                                              Akváriá z rybami max. 2-3 mg/l.                                                                                                                                             Akváriá z bezstavovcami(zooxanthely),

                                                                                                                                            0,1-0,3 mg/l je dosť, lepšie 0.  

D                                                            Obeh vody                                                              Cez biologický filter raz za                                                                                                                                             hodinu. Obehové čerpadlo                                                                                                                                             objem akvária 4-6 krát za hodinu.               

D                                                            Odpeňovač                                                             Kontrola funkčnosti a čistenie                                                                                                                                             podľa potreby! Každé tri                                                                                                                                             mesiace výmena lipového drievka.

M                                                          Výmena vody                                                           Aspoň 10% mesačne, 10% týždenne alebo

                                                                                                                                            25% mesačne.

T                                                            Dopĺňanie vody                                                        Každé 2-3 dni, aspoň týždenne,                                                                                                                                                                                 automatický systém je lepší.

M                                                          Čistenie filtra                                                            Závisí od typu. Sledovanie denne. Výmena

                                                                                                                                            aktívneho uhlia každý mesiac, použitie na 10                                                                                                                                             dní, výmena po 2-3 týždňoch.